1517–1648 Reform came with a fury. Martin Luther sounded the trumpet, and hosts of others rallied to the cause. The period we call the Reformation marks the mobilization of Protestantism: Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican, and Anabaptist. By the mid-sixteenth century the Reformation had shattered the traditional unity of Western Europe and had bequeathed to modern times religious pluralism. The Church of Rome resisted this attack on tradition and mustered new troops, especially the